Gundagai
Indicator: Pest Animals
Results for this indicator are also available for [an error occurred while processing this directive]
Please note: Text or data highlighted in this colour represent an update to this indicator for the period 2008/09.
What the results tell us for Gundagai
There were no significant changes recorded during the 2008-09 period. As was reported in 2004-08, seven pest animals were recorded in the Gundagai Shire during the current reporting period. This is a similar trend to the previous reporting period however cats are now present throughout the Shire district. Due to limitations in the current reporting period data, quantitative information to assess change in all the pest animal distributions and abundance is unavailable. Furthermore, this is only the second time that the Gundagai Shire has been included in the Australian Capital Region State of the Environment Report (RSoER).
Activities of five pest animals are listed as Key Threatening Processes in the Cootamundra Shire. There are no priority actions for feral animal management listed by The NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC) for the Shire area.
DECC undertook control programs within the Shire for pest animals however specific details on this work were unavailable for the current reporting period. DECC also have implemented an eight year plan for pest animal management, known as the ‘NSW Invasive Species Plan 2008 - 2015’.
Information detailing control programs for pest animals undertaken by the Gundagai Rural Lands Protection Board are unavailable for the current reporting period.
Pest animal infestations
The more mobile pest animal species utilise a wide variety of habitat types within all land tenures. Populations of all pest animal species fluctuate with climate, seasonal conditions and the availability of local resources. Managing pest animals and their impacts is the shared responsibility of all land managers.
The Department of Primary Industries (DPI) has undertaken a spatial survey of pest animal distribution and abundance across New South Wales (NSW) and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (see About the data for more information) (DPI 2007).
Seven types of introduced animals were present in the Gundagai Shire during the current reporting period: wild dogs and dingoes (Canis lupus familiaris, Canis lupus dingo and hybrids), foxes (Vulpes vulpes), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), pigs (Sus scrofa), feral goats (Capra hircus), wild deer (Cervus spp, Dama dama and Axis spp) and cats (Felis catus). Their location and distribution is detailed in Table 1. Cats, foxes and rabbits were the most widespread pest animals in the Shire during the reporting period. Cats are now widespread across the Shire district. This is a significant change compared to the previous reporting period where no cats were recorded. The general location and abundance of these animals is summarised in Table 1. Foxes and cats were the most widespread pest animals in the Gundagai Shire whilst rabbits were the second most abundant pest animal.
| Species | Preferred Habitats | Distribution and Density (High, Medium or Low*) |
|---|---|---|
| Dingoes and wild dogs (Canis lupus familiaris, Canis lupus dingo and hybrids) |
Generally restricted to exotic pine plantations and adjoining areas of modified pasture and cleared lands in the south east of the Shire | Mostly absent across the Shire except for a low density pocket in the south-east |
| Feral Goats (Capra hircus) | Generally occur on timbered land in rougher terrain and surrounding modified pasture areas | Medium to low densities in the north-west areas of the Shire with a low to high density pocket in the south-west tip |
| Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa) |
Generally restricted to exotic pine plantations and adjoining modified pastures with a population in north west and south east of Shire in native forest and woodland and surrounding cleared country. | Predominantly absent distribution with a medium to low pocket in the north west and south east of the Shire |
| Fox (Vulpes vulpes) |
Across the entire Shire district – occupying all habitat types | High density population throughout the Shire area |
| Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
In areas of native forest and woodlands, and native or modified pastures | Medium to low densities with an absent area to the south of the Shire and north east corner |
| Wild Deer (Cervus spp, Dama dama and Axis spp) |
Occur from time to time but not a major problem for the Shire. Only one area in the north east | Low density population |
| Cat (Felis catus) | Across the entire Shire – occupying all habitat types | Predominantly low density populations with medium density areas to the north west and south east of the Shire |
Source: DPI 2007, OCE 2004 (* see About the data for information detailing how densities were calculated)
Information detailing the changes in density of pest animal populations was unavailable for the current reporting period.
Pest animals as threatening processes
The activities of five pest animal species in NSW that are present in the Gundagai Shire have been listed as key threatening processes in the state by the NSW Scientific Committee under the Threatened Species and Conservation Act 1995.
| Name of Threatening Process | Date of Determination |
|---|---|
| Competition and grazing by the feral European rabbit (DECC 2008 d) | Final: 10 May 2001 |
| Herbivory and environmental degradation caused by feral deer (DECC 2008 e) | Final: 17 December 2004 |
| Predation by feral cats (DECC 2008 c) | Final: 24 March 2000 |
| Predation by the European Red Fox (DECC 2008 b) | Final: 20 March 1998 |
| Competition and habitat degradation by Feral Goats (DECC 2008 g) | Final: 12 November 2004 |
| Predation, habitat degradation, competition and disease transmission by feral Pigs (DECC 2008 f) | Final: 27 August 2004 |
Source: NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change 2008
A threat abatement plan, prepared during the last reporting period for the European Red Fox, continues to run. The plan provides a collaborative strategy for fox control programs, with the primary purpose of conserving native species in NSW (DECC 2001). Updates on this plan are currently unavailable.
There are no recovery strategy plans for threatened species, communities and populations in the Gundagai Shire for damage incurred by pest animals.
Pest animal control activities
NSW Government agencies
The NSW DPI introduced the ‘NSW Invasive Species Plan 2008 - 2015’ which aims to protect the environment, economy and community from the adverse impacts of invasive species (DPI 2008). This eight year plan has set out a framework for the coordinated and cooperative management of invasive species aiming to prevent new incursions, contain existing populations and adaptively manage widespread species. This plan is working jointly with NSW DPI, DECC, Department of Lands (LANDS), Catchment Management Authorities (CMAs), Rural Land Protection Boards (RLPBs) and stakeholders.
During the reporting period, DECC undertook control programs for pest animals in conservation areas, often in conjunction with other government agencies and/ or the Rural Lands Protection Board. DECC prioritises on areas where new outbreaks occur, where threatened native plants or animals are at risk from the impact of pest animals, and where there is a need to minimize the impacts of pests on neighboring lands, such as farms (DECC 2008a). Detailed information on these projects is unavailable for the current reporting period.
The Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre (IA CRC) is working on several projects aimed at controlling pest animal numbers of pigs, foxes, cats and rabbits. For example; A new bait for canids and felids which is considered fast acting, with no visible signs of distress as animals are rendered unconscious rapidly is being developed (IA CRC, 2008). In addition the CRC are also developing an antidote that may be given to any domestic dogs that take baits accidentally.
Effectiveness of control programs
No information was available to detail the effectiveness of control programs throughout Gundagai Shire
No information was available detailing control activities undertaken by the Gundagai Rural Lands Protection Board for this reporting period.
Expenditure on and effectiveness of pest animal control
No information was available regarding expenditure and effectiveness of pest animal control within Gundagai Shire for the current reporting period.
About the data
The NSW DPI pest animal survey represents the distribution, abundance, control and impacts of major pest animals across NSW and the ACT during 2004 to 2006. Information was captured through a two-part survey involving land management agencies. Based on a density ranking system (see table below), the resulting maps depict variation in animal abundance and density across all land tenures. Information was collected on a regional scale using a grid cell basis (5x5 km – equating 25km²). Pest animal density data was obtained from pest animal managers and key representatives from Government and non-Government agencies responsible for the control of pest animals across NSW and ACT. These agencies include the RLPB Districts, NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (National Parks and Wildlife Service - now DECC), NSW DPI(State Forests of NSW), Environment ACT, and Game Council of NSW.
This is a very coarse dataset and consequently the results are lacking in specific, quantitative detail compared with the previous reporting period.
| Density | Definition |
|---|---|
| High | Many animals seen at any time and much sign of activity i.e animals always observed, reliable sightings, or otherwise evidence of high abundance. Best described as observing significant evidence of many animals on greater than 80% of occasions |
| Medium | Some animals seen at almost any time and/or much active sign i.e frequent but unreliable sightings of animals. Best described as observing significant evidence of some animals on 50–80% of occasions |
| Low | Few or no sightings and/or little active sign i.e rare sightings/ evidence. Best describe as observing very little evidence of animals 1-50% of occasions. |
| Absent | No animals’ i.e very unusual to see evidence of animals. Best described as seeing either no evidence or very little evidence of extremely low numbers of animals on less than 1% of occasions |
Source: DPI 2007
References
DECC – see Department of Environment and Climate Change
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008a) Pest and weed management in NSW National Parks, Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 22 Oct 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/pestsweeds/pestweedmgmtnsw.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008b) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Predation by the European Red Fox – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/EuropeanRedFoxKTPListing.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008c) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Predation by feral cats – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/FeralCatsKTPListing.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008d) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Competition and grazing by the feral European rabbit – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/FeralEuropeanRabbitKTPListing.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008e) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Herbivory and environmental degradation caused by feral deer – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/FeralDeerKtp.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008f) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Feral pigs – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/FeralPigsKtp.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2008g) NSW Scientific Committee – Final Determination, Competition and habitat degradation by feral goats – Key Threatening Process Declaration. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/FeralGoatsKtp.htm
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2004) New South Wales State of the Environment 2006, Chapter 6, Biodiversity Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed: October 20 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/soe/soe2006/chapter6/chp_6.4.htm#6.4.75
Department of Environment and Climate Change (2001) Predation by the red fox – threat abatement plan, Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspecies/RedFox-FinalThreatAbatementPlan.htm
Department of Primary Industries (2008) NSW Invasive Species Plan 2008-2015, Department of Primary Industries, viewed: October 21 2008 http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/pests-weeds/nsw-invasive-species-plan
Department of Primary Industries (2007) Pest Animal Survey: A review of the distribution, impacts and control of invasive animals throughout NSW and the ACT, Vertebrate Pest Research Unit, Department of Primary Industries, Orange
DPI – see Department of Primary Industries
IA CRC (2008) – See Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre
Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre (2008) Foxes: What are we doing?, Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre, viewed 21 October 2008 http://www.invasiveanimals.com/invasive-animals/foxes/index.html
